{"id":8624,"date":"2026-06-16T06:15:06","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T04:15:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/project\/trail-eu\/"},"modified":"2026-10-22T06:13:24","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T04:13:24","slug":"trail-eu","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/project\/trail-eu\/","title":{"rendered":"TRAIL-EU"},"content":{"rendered":"<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-\/\/W3C\/\/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional\/\/EN\" \"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/REC-html40\/loose.dtd\">\n<?xml encoding=\"utf-8\" ?><html><body><div class=\"nkvts-project-intro alignwide without-image wp-block-nkvts-project-intro\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-intro__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"nkvts-project-intro__topics\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"nkvts-project-intro__topic\">Forced migration and refugee health<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"nkvts-project-intro__title\">TRAIL-EU<\/h1>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-intro__text\">For refugee children, language is not merely a means of communication, it is a critical foundation for accessing education, forming social relationships, and building a future in their new home country. Beyond its instrumental value, language development also plays a central role in identity formation, emotional regulation, and mental health, all of which are essential for successful integration. Yet, compared to other migrant groups, refugee children often face greater difficulties in language&hellip;<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n<div class=\"nkvts-project-table-of-contents wp-block-nkvts-project-table-of-contents\">\n\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"nkvts-project-table-of-contents__trigger\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"nkvts-project-table-of-contents-panel\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"nkvts-project-table-of-contents__trigger-label\">Mobile page navigation<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"nkvts-project-table-of-contents__icon is-closed-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" height=\"24\" width=\"24\" class=\"t2-icon t2-icon-chevrondown\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 14.9c-.1 0-.3 0-.4-.1-.1 0-.2-.1-.3-.2L6.7 10c-.2-.1-.3-.4-.3-.6 0-.3.1-.5.3-.7.2-.2.4-.3.7-.3s.5.1.7.3l3.9 3.9 3.9-3.9c.2-.2.4-.3.7-.3.3 0 .5.1.7.3.2.2.3.4.3.7s-.1.5-.3.7l-4.6 4.6c-.1.1-.2.2-.3.2H12z\" 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t2-icon-arrowright\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M4.1665 10H15.8332\" stroke=\"#3A2F2A\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><path d=\"M10 4.16797L15.8333 10.0013L10 15.8346\" stroke=\"#3A2F2A\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg> Contact the research group<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nkvts-project-table-of-contents__item\"><a href=\"#project-facts\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" height=\"24\" width=\"24\" class=\"t2-icon t2-icon-arrowright\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M4.1665 10H15.8332\" stroke=\"#3A2F2A\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><path d=\"M10 4.16797L15.8333 10.0013L10 15.8346\" stroke=\"#3A2F2A\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg> Facts about the project<\/a><\/li><li class=\"nkvts-project-table-of-contents__item\"><a href=\"#project-description\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" height=\"24\" width=\"24\" class=\"t2-icon t2-icon-arrowright\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M4.1665 10H15.8332\" stroke=\"#3A2F2A\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><path d=\"M10 4.16797L15.8333 10.0013L10 15.8346\" stroke=\"#3A2F2A\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg> Project description<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers wp-block-nkvts-project-researchers\" id=\"project-researchers\">\n\t\t<div class=\"block-inner-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__header\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__header-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__title\">Contact the research group<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__header-right\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__content-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card is-linked\">\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-katharina-haag-kvadrat-300x300.jpg\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-katharina-haag-kvadrat-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-katharina-haag-kvadrat-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-katharina-haag-kvadrat-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-katharina-haag-kvadrat-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-katharina-haag-kvadrat.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-person-details\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__pill\">Project lead<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/employee\/haag-katharina\/\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-link\">Katharina Haag<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-contact\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:katharina.haag@nkvts.no\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-email\">katharina.haag@nkvts.no<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__content-right\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__grid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card is-linked\">\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"296\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Alexander-Nissen2-1-e1657885665113-300x296.jpg\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Alexander-Nissen2-1-e1657885665113-300x296.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Alexander-Nissen2-1-e1657885665113-1024x1011.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Alexander-Nissen2-1-e1657885665113-768x759.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Alexander-Nissen2-1-e1657885665113-405x400.jpg 405w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/Alexander-Nissen2-1-e1657885665113.jpg 1056w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-person-details\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/employee\/nissen-alexander\/\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-link\">Alexander Nissen<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card is-linked\">\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"292\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/arnfinn-j-andersen-2447-hires-1-scaled-e1657795339300-300x292.jpg\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/arnfinn-j-andersen-2447-hires-1-scaled-e1657795339300-300x292.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/arnfinn-j-andersen-2447-hires-1-scaled-e1657795339300-1024x997.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/arnfinn-j-andersen-2447-hires-1-scaled-e1657795339300-768x748.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/arnfinn-j-andersen-2447-hires-1-scaled-e1657795339300-411x400.jpg 411w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/12\/arnfinn-j-andersen-2447-hires-1-scaled-e1657795339300.jpg 1304w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-person-details\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/employee\/andersen-arnfinn-j\/\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-link\">Arnfinn Jomar Andersen<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card is-linked\">\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/09\/NKVTS-geir-kvaerk-crop-300x300.jpg\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"Portrait of Geir Ove Kv&aelig;rk\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/09\/NKVTS-geir-kvaerk-crop-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/09\/NKVTS-geir-kvaerk-crop-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/09\/NKVTS-geir-kvaerk-crop-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/09\/NKVTS-geir-kvaerk-crop-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/09\/NKVTS-geir-kvaerk-crop-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/09\/NKVTS-geir-kvaerk-crop-2048x2048.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/09\/NKVTS-geir-kvaerk-crop-400x400.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-person-details\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/employee\/kvaerk-geir-ove\/\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-link\">Geir Ove Kv&aelig;rk<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card is-linked\">\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-person-details\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/employee\/yucel-nilgun\/\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-link\">Nilgun Yucel<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card is-linked\">\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-sina-marlen-johansen-1200x1200-1-300x300.jpg\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-image-img wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-sina-marlen-johansen-1200x1200-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-sina-marlen-johansen-1200x1200-1-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-sina-marlen-johansen-1200x1200-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-sina-marlen-johansen-1200x1200-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/NKTVS-sina-marlen-johansen-1200x1200-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\">\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-person-details\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/employee\/johansen-sina-marlen\/\" class=\"nkvts-project-researchers__card-link\">Sina Marl&eacute;n Johansen<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-facts alignwide wp-block-nkvts-project-facts\" id=\"project-facts\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"nkvts-project-facts__title\">Facts about the project<\/h2>\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-facts__grid\">\n\t\t\t\n\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-facts__box wp-block-nkvts-project-fact-item\">\n\t\t<h3 class=\"nkvts-project-facts__box-heading\">Period<\/h3>\n\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-facts__box-value\">2026-2028<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-facts__box wp-block-nkvts-project-fact-item\">\n\t\t<h3 class=\"nkvts-project-facts__box-heading\">Category<\/h3>\n\t\t<p class=\"nkvts-project-facts__box-value\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/projects\/?sd-topic_tax%5B%5D=Forced%20migration%20and%20refugee%20health\">Forced migration and refugee health<\/a><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-description alignwide wp-block-nkvts-project-description\" id=\"project-description\">\n\t\t<h2 class=\"nkvts-project-description__title\">Project description<\/h2>\n\t\t<div class=\"nkvts-project-description__accordion\">\n\t\t\t\n\n\n<div class=\"t2-accordion wp-block-t2-accordion\" role=\"list\">\n<div class=\"t2-accordion-item wp-block-t2-accordion-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"t2-accordion-title\">\n\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"t2-accordion-trigger\" id=\"main-objective\" aria-controls=\"accordion-panel\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\tMain objective\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"t2-accordion-icon is-closed-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" height=\"24\" width=\"24\" class=\"t2-icon t2-icon-add\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 19c-.285156 0-.519531-.097656-.710938-.289062C11.097656 18.519531 11 18.285156 11 18v-5H6c-.285156 0-.519531-.097656-.710938-.289062C5.097656 12.519531 5 12.285156 5 12c0-.285156.097656-.519531.289062-.710938C5.480469 11.097656 5.714844 11 6 11h5V6c0-.285156.097656-.519531.289062-.710938C11.480469 5.097656 11.714844 5 12 5c.285156 0 .519531.097656.710938.289062C12.902344 5.480469 13 5.714844 13 6v5h5c.285156 0 .519531.097656.710938.289062C18.902344 11.480469 19 11.714844 19 12c0 .285156-.097656.519531-.289062.710938C18.519531 12.902344 18.285156 13 18 13h-5v5c0 .285156-.097656.519531-.289062.710938C12.519531 18.902344 12.285156 19 12 19Zm0 0\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"t2-accordion-icon is-open-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" height=\"24\" width=\"24\" class=\"t2-icon t2-icon-remove\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 13c-.285156 0-.519531-.097656-.710938-.289062C5.097656 12.519531 5 12.285156 5 12c0-.285156.097656-.519531.289062-.710938C5.480469 11.097656 5.714844 11 6 11h12c.285156 0 .519531.097656.710938.289062C18.902344 11.480469 19 11.714844 19 12c0 .285156-.097656.519531-.289062.710938C18.519531 12.902344 18.285156 13 18 13Zm0 0\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"t2-accordion-item__inner-container is-layout-flow\" id=\"accordion-panel\" aria-labelledby=\"main-objective\" role=\"region\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n<p>TRAIL-EU will explore four research objectives (ROs) through four corresponding and interrelated work packages (WPs). <strong>RO1a<\/strong> is to understand the extent to which <strong>trauma-sensitive teaching approaches are currently implemented in language learning contexts across EU countrie<\/strong>s, using survey data from three example countries with different systems (Norway, Turkey and France). This includes examining how frequently existing programs are used, but also the extent to which teachers apply strategies in practice, irrespective of the training they received. Complementary, <strong>RO1b aims to investigate potential barriers to implementing such approaches<\/strong>, using results from the same survey and in-depth interviews with teachers on personal and institutional barriers. Together, this multi-national data should provide extensive insights into the current use of trauma-sensitive teaching approaches in European contexts. Given the lack of data on this, <strong>RO2<\/strong> is to<strong> describe common learning challenges in refugee children and to evaluate the effectiveness of trauma-sensitive approaches currently implemented by teachers in language learning classrooms <\/strong>for addressing them. Analyses of longitudinal data collected over one academic year using rigorous designs will yield high-quality evidence on which support strategies are able to buffer against poor language and secondary academic, emotional and social outcomes. Interviews with teachers and children will provide more in-depth information on challenges faced, acceptability and helpfulness of implemented approaches, and alternative support suggestions. Finally, <strong>RO3<\/strong> is to <strong>synthesize the obtained evidence to provide clear policy recommendations for advancing the implementation of trauma-sensitive approaches in European schools<\/strong>, while also developing a toolkit of evidence-based, low-cost and easy-to-implement strategies that teachers can apply in everyday classroom life to support effective language learning among refugee children.<\/p>\n<h2>\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"t2-accordion-item wp-block-t2-accordion-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"t2-accordion-title\">\n\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"t2-accordion-trigger\" id=\"method\" aria-controls=\"accordion-panel-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\tMethod\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"t2-accordion-icon is-closed-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" height=\"24\" width=\"24\" class=\"t2-icon t2-icon-add\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M12 19c-.285156 0-.519531-.097656-.710938-.289062C11.097656 18.519531 11 18.285156 11 18v-5H6c-.285156 0-.519531-.097656-.710938-.289062C5.097656 12.519531 5 12.285156 5 12c0-.285156.097656-.519531.289062-.710938C5.480469 11.097656 5.714844 11 6 11h5V6c0-.285156.097656-.519531.289062-.710938C11.480469 5.097656 11.714844 5 12 5c.285156 0 .519531.097656.710938.289062C12.902344 5.480469 13 5.714844 13 6v5h5c.285156 0 .519531.097656.710938.289062C18.902344 11.480469 19 11.714844 19 12c0 .285156-.097656.519531-.289062.710938C18.519531 12.902344 18.285156 13 18 13h-5v5c0 .285156-.097656.519531-.289062.710938C12.519531 18.902344 12.285156 19 12 19Zm0 0\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"t2-accordion-icon is-open-icon\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" height=\"24\" width=\"24\" class=\"t2-icon t2-icon-remove\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M6 13c-.285156 0-.519531-.097656-.710938-.289062C5.097656 12.519531 5 12.285156 5 12c0-.285156.097656-.519531.289062-.710938C5.480469 11.097656 5.714844 11 6 11h12c.285156 0 .519531.097656.710938.289062C18.902344 11.480469 19 11.714844 19 12c0 .285156-.097656.519531-.289062.710938C18.519531 12.902344 18.285156 13 18 13Zm0 0\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"t2-accordion-item__inner-container is-layout-flow\" id=\"accordion-panel-1\" aria-labelledby=\"method\" role=\"region\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n<p>For WP1, we will collect survey data from teachers in Norway, France and Turkey. For WP2, we will conduct qualitative interviews with 15 teachers and 20 refugee students. For WP3, we will collect quantitative data from approximately 300 refugee students at the beginning and end of the school year.<\/p>\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\n\n\n\n<\/body><\/html>\n","protected":false},"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"from_year":2026,"to_year":2028,"lead_text":"For refugee children, language is not merely a means of communication, it is a critical foundation for accessing education, forming social relationships, and building a future in their new home country. Beyond its instrumental value, language development also plays a central role in identity formation, emotional regulation, and mental health, all of which are essential for successful integration. Yet, compared to other migrant groups, refugee children often face greater difficulties in language acquisition due to interrupted or limited prior schooling, exposure to trauma before and during flight, and ongoing post-migration stressors such as socio-economic instability, legal uncertainty, or discrimination. These challenges point to an urgent need for targeted support that goes beyond traditional language teaching methods. In particular, current research overlooks the common learning difficulties refugee children and adolescents face as a consequence of pre- and peri-flight traumas, such as exposure to violence, threat, war, or loss, and an increased risk of adverse childhood experiences such as neglect or abuse [3, 4]. Trauma-Responsive Approaches in Language Instruction (TRAIL-EU) aims to address several key knowledge gaps in this area, using a multi-disciplinary approach. Its central objectives are to better understand to what extent trauma-sensitive teaching approaches are currently being implemented in language learning contexts across European countries, and which strategies may best support refugee children\u2019s language learning, given its important links to long-term academic, socio-emotional, and integration outcomes.","project_is_additional_content":false,"algolia_no_indexing":false,"boosted":0},"partner":[],"topic_tax":[6],"class_list":["post-8624","project","type-project","status-publish","hentry","topic_tax-forced-migration-and-refugee-health"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/8624","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/project"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"partner","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/partner?post=8624"},{"taxonomy":"topic_tax","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nkvts.no\/english\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic_tax?post=8624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}